What does purposive sampling focus on when selecting participants?

Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling method that focuses on selecting participants based on specific characteristics or criteria relevant to the research study. This approach allows researchers to target individuals who possess particular attributes that are essential for addressing the research question, providing a more nuanced understanding of the topic being studied. By intentionally choosing participants who meet certain criteria, researchers can gather detailed and relevant information that enhances the depth and quality of the data collected. This method is particularly useful in qualitative research, where the goal is often to gain insights into specific phenomena or experiences that might not be captured through random sampling techniques.

In contrast, randomization would prioritize an unbiased selection of participants, which is not the focus of purposive sampling. Availability refers to selecting participants based on how easily they can be accessed, rather than their particular characteristics. Lastly, geographical representation emphasizes obtaining a diverse sample from various locations, which does not align with the targeted approach of purposive sampling that highlights specified traits over representational diversity.